Odisha where is it

Besides, these rivers there is big lake Chilka. The state has an equable climate, neither too hot nor too cold. The coastal areas of the state benefit by the sea breezes blowing from the Bay of Bengal. Most of the rainfall brings by the southwest monsoon June to September , although some rainfall also comes to its account from northeast monsoon October to November.

The state is sometime victim of cyclonic storms. Situated on the coast along the Bay of Bengal, Orissa stands for its ancient glory and modern endeavour. Endowed with nature's bounty, a km stretch of coastline with virgin beaches, serpentine rivers, mighty waterfalls, forest-clad blue hills of Eastern Ghats with rich wild life, Orissa is dotted with exquisite temples, historic monuments as well as pieces of modern engineering feat.

The land, while retaining its pristine glory, also offers the visitors modern amenities. The State of Orissa is like a bridge between northern and southern halves of India, representing multifaceted synthesis. Bhubaneshwar is the state capital. Orissa, on the eastern sea board of India, enjoys a tropical monsoon type of climate like most other parts of the country. Its annual average rainfall is about mm. There are three major seasons viz. The annual cyclones from the Bay of Bengal influence it and bring copious rain with two seasonal peaks, July-August and October-November.

Orissa is one of the few states in the country, which is endowed with abundant water It is blessed with excessive network of rivers and streams. Mahanadi and Subarnarekha are major rivers. Agriculture dominates the state's economy. Rice is the principal crop and rice is the staple food of the Oriyas but its cultivation has to be made more productive as the output per hectare is below the national average.

Another important food crops are pulses and oil seeds like mustard, seasamum, rapeseeds, linseed, groundnuts etc. Sugarcane is the major cash crop though some amount of jute is produced in some districts like Cuttack, Baleswar etc. Efforts are also on to step up the output of tea, coffee, rubber, cashew nuts and spices. Coconuts are also being produced in this state.

Fishing is an important activity of this state. Large quantity of sea fish and inland water fish are produced by this state. Orissa has rich mineral base. Important minerals are iron ore, coal, manganese, chromite, dolomite, fireclay and china clay, graphite, kyanite, bauxite, copper, lead, asbestos and mica.

Most of these minerals occur in Mayurbhanj, Keonjhar, Sudergarh and Sambalpur districts. Iron ore found in this region is very good quality, chromite is abundant, coal and manganese are of low grades. There is a public sector steel plant in Rourkella and a number of public and private sector factories producing aluminum, cement, ferro manganese etc.

Irrigation has made considerable progress in the state. Hirakud was the symbol of India's achievements. The cultivated land which can be supplied water from canals, lift irrigation and pump sets. Paradeep was declared as a major port in while the Gopalpur port has been declared as a minor port in The improvement of Gopalpur to an all weather port is in progress.

The State government has decided to build a Mega Port at Dhamara by private investment. Bahabalpur has been declared as a minor port in Orissa is a tourist dream.

It has the beaches like Puri, Gopalpur, where tourists can relax and enjoy sunbathing and surfing. Bhubaneswar is a famous city of temple. On the basis of homogeneity, continuity and physiographic characteristics, Odisha has been divided into five major morphological regions : the Odisha Coastal Plain in the east, the Middle Mountainous and Highlands Region, the Central plateaus, the western rolling uplands and the major flood plains.

The Odisha Coastal Plains are the depositional landforms of recent origin and geological belong to the Post-Tertiary Period. The 75 meter contour line delimits their western boundary and differentiates them from the Middle Mountainous Region. This region stretches from the West Bengal border, i. This region is the combination of several deltas of varied sizes and shapes formed by the major rivers of Odisha, such as the Subarnarekha, the Budhabalanga, the Baitarani, the Brahmani, the Mahanadi, and the Rushikulya.

Therefore, the coastal plain of Odisha is called the "Hexadeltaic region" or the "Gift of Six Rivers". The North Coastal Plain comprises the deltas of the Subarnarekha and the Budhabalanga rivers and bears evidences of marine transgressions. The Middle Coastal Plain comprises the compound deltas of the Baitarani, Brahmani and Mahanadi rivers and bears evidences of past 'back bays' and present lakes.

The region covers about three-fourth of the entire State. Geologically it is a part of the Indian Peninsula which as a part of the ancient landmass of the Gondwanaland. The major rivers of Odishawith their tributaries have cut deep and narrow valleys. This region mostly comprises the hills and mountains of the Eastern Ghats which rise abruptly and steeply in the east and slope gently to a dissected plateau in the west running from north-east Mayurbhanj to north-west Malkangirig.

This region is well marked by a number of interfluves or watersheds. The Eastern Ghats is interrupted by a number of broad and narrow river valleys and flood plains. The average weight of this region is about meters above the mean seal level.

The plateaus are mostly eroded plateaus forming the western slopes of the Eastern Ghats with elevation varying from meters. There are two broad plateaus in Odisha : i the Panposh - Keonjhar -Pallahara plateau comprises the Upper Baitarani catchment basin, and ii the Nabrangpur - Jeypore plateau comprises the Sabari basin.

There are four groups of rivers which flow through Odisha into the Bay of Bengal Table They are :. It is the major river of Odisha and the sixth largest river in India. It is about kms. Long kms. In Odisha and its catchment area spreads over , sq. The river carries on an average about 92, million m of water. It is the second largest river in Odisha. The Brahmani is kms. In Odisha and its catchment area spreads over 39, sq. It originates from the Gonasika hills of the Keonjhar districts.

It is kms long and its catchment area spread over 12, sq. It originates from the Chhotnagpur plateau of Bihar. It is kms 70kms in Odisha and has a catchment area of 19, kms 3,kms in Odisha with a mean annual flow of 7, million. It originates from the easterns slops of the Similipala massif. It is about kms long having a total catchment area of sq. It is major tributaries are the Sone, the Gangadhar, the Catra etc. It originates from the Rushyamala hills of the eastern ghats in Phulbani district.

It is kms long with sq. It's tributaries are the Baghua the Dhanei Badanadi etc. It has no delta at its mouth. It originates from the Ramgiri hills of the eastern ghats in Gajapati districts and joins the bay of Bengal in Andhra Pradesh.

Its length 73 kms having a catchment area of sq. It originates from the Flanks of the Durgakangar hills Lingaraj hills of the eastern ghats in Kalahandi districts.

It is kms long out of which only kms in Odisha. It has a catchment area of sq. It originates from the Bijipur Hills of the eastern ghats near Lanjigarh. It is kms long out of which kms is in Odisha. It has a total catchment area of about sq. It originates from the Meghasani Hills of the Similipal massif in Keonjhar district.

It is kms long with a catchment areas of sq. It originates from the eastern ghats in Kalahandi districts. It is kms long with a catchment area of sq. It originates from the Sinkaran hills of the eastern Ghats in Koraput districts.

It has catchment areas of sq. There are a number of Mountain springs and hot spring in Odisha. The Badaghagara and Sanaghagara in Keonjhar districts Satpasajya in Denkanal districts the Chandikhole in Cuttack districts the Barunei in Khorda districts, the Narayani and Nirmalajhar in Ganjam and Puri districts, the Patalaganga in Kalahandi districts, the Nursinghanath in Sambalpur districts and the Harisankar in Bolangir districts and some of the important mountain springs in Odisha.